The Knoll screw pump is a common type of pump used to move viscous fluids. Using two or more screws, they suck in the fluid and then push them to the other side while also pressurizing. There are generally two types of screw pumps: double screw pumps or three screw pumps. The two work slightly differently and are more suitable for a variety of liquids. Whether you are using a twin-screw pump or a three-screw pump, you need to know if they need to be started. The simple answer is that all types of screw pumps are self-priming, but it is vital to understand why.

What does self-priming pump mean?

Before we consider why screw pumps are self-priming and what this means for pump performance, we need to be clear about what self-priming pumps mean. Starting the pump means that the impeller of the centrifugal pump is completely immersed in the liquid and all air is removed. This process must be done before the pump is started again after it has been turned off. Failure to start the pump can cause many problems with its performance and ultimately lead to failure.

The screw pump is self-priming, which means that this process is not required. This is because a vacuum is created in the pump. If the screw pump does dry out and continues to be used, it will cause damage. Eventually, the idling screw pump will make it beyond repair.

How does a screw pump work?

These types of pumps use screws that mesh with each other and apply pressure to the fluid. A twin-screw pump has two meshing screws that suck in the fluid and push it to the other side. With these, the screws are not in contact with each other, making it suitable for more types of liquids. The three-screw pump has a drive screw that engages with the other two screws. They work together to create pressure and move the liquid. For three-screw pumps, the screws do have contact, which means you can only use them to move clean liquid. Screw pumps are ideal for handling viscous fluids that centrifugal pumps cannot absorb. Industrial grade screw pumps can handle viscosity up to 10,000 cSt, while centrifugal pumps can handle viscosity up to 760 cSt.

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