A contactor is an electrical device used to make or break a circuit. It is considered a special type of relay. However, the basic difference between relays and contactors is that contactors are used for applications with higher current carrying capacity, while relays are used for applications with lower current. Contactors can be easily installed in the field and are compact in size. Typically, these electrical devices have multiple contacts. These contacts are normally open in most cases and provide operating power to the load when the contactor coil is energized. Contactors are most commonly used to control electric motors.

There are many types of contactors, each with its own set of characteristics, functions, and applications. Contactors can break current over a wide range of currents, from a few amperes to thousands of amperes, and voltages from 24 VDC to a few thousand volts. In addition, these electrical devices come in different sizes, from hand size to side measurement of one meter or one yard size (approx.).

The most common application area of contactors is high current loads. Contactors are known for their ability to handle currents in excess of 5,000 amps and high powers in excess of 100 kW. Large motor currents can produce arcing when interrupted. These arcs can be reduced and controlled using contactors.

Schneider contactorHow it works:

An electric current through a contactor excites an electromagnet. The excited electromagnet generates a magnetic field that causes the contactor core to move the armature. A normally closed (NC) contact completes the circuit between the fixed contact and the active contact. This allows current to pass through these contacts to the load. When the current is removed, the coil is powered off and the circuit is turned on. Contactor contacts are known for their quick opening and closing actions.

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